雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test1Passage3-The future of work-摘要选择题

雅思阅读真题解析-剑16Test1Passage3-The future of work-摘要选择题?

　　摘要选择题

　　Q31：

　　The ‘algorithmication’of jobs

　　Stella Pachidi of Cambridge Judge Business School has been focusing on the ‘algorithmication’of jobs which rely not on production but on 31.................

　　分析

　　题干中可以划定位词的有题目标题中的algorithmication’，Stella Pachidi of Cambridge Judge Business School和production。空格前面是介词on, 所以空格写名词，也就是对production的否定，对空格的肯定。

　　定位

　　2Dr Stella Pachidi from Cambridge Judge Business School believes that some of the most fundamental changes are happening as a result of the ‘algorithmication’of jobs that are dependent on data rather than on production - the so-called knowledge economy. Algorithms are capable of learning from data to undertake tasks that previously needed human judgement, such as reading legal contracts, analysing medical scans and gathering market intelligence.

　　答案

　　原文中第 一句中我们划的定位词都出现了。这句中的rather than on production对应题干中的not on production，所以答案应该在rather than前面找。前面的are dependent表示肯定，所以答案是data原词，或者它的同义替换词。在备选项中满足要求的词有G information。

　　Q32

　　While monitoring a telecommunications company, Pachidi observed a growing 32 ................. on the recommendations made by Al, as workers begin to learn through the ‘algorithm’s eyes’.

　　分析

　　题干中可以划定位词的有telecommunications company， recommendations, AI, workers和‘algorithm’s eyes’。空格前面是a growing，所以空格是名词，而且原文中在答案对应的单词前后要有跟growing对应的词。

　　定位

　　5Another issue is the extent to which the technology influences or even controls the workforce. For over two years, Pachidi monitored a telecommunications company. ‘The way telecoms salespeople work is through personal and frequent contact with clients, using the benefit of experience to assess a situation and reach a decision. However, the company had started using a[n] ... algorithm that defined when account managers should contact certain customers about which kinds of campaigns and what to offer them.’

　　原文第二句中有定位词telecommunications company，但别的定位词没有出现，需要接着往后看。

　　6The algorithm - usually built by external designers - often becomes the keeper of knowledge, she explains. In cases like this, Pachidi believes, a short-sighted view begins to creep into working practices whereby workers learn through the ‘algorithm’s eyes’and become dependent on its instructions. Alternative explorations –where experimentation and human instinct lead to progress and new ideas - are effectively discouraged.

　　答案

　　上文第二句中出现了定位词workers, ‘algorithm’s eyes’。这句话中的become【变得】对应题干中的growing【愈加】，这句话中的instructions对应题干中的recommendations，所以答案只能是与dependent对应的名词。选项中满足要求的有E reliance。

　　Q32

　　While monitoring a telecommunications company, Pachidi observed a growing 32 ................. on the recommendations made by Al, as workers begin to learn through the ‘algorithm’s eyes’.

　　分析

　　题干中可以划定位词的有telecommunications company， recommendations, AI, workers和‘algorithm’s eyes’。空格前面是a growing，所以空格是名词，而且原文中在答案对应的单词前后要有跟growing对应的词。

　　定位

　　5Another issue is the extent to which the technology influences or even controls the workforce. For over two years, Pachidi monitored a telecommunications company. ‘The way telecoms salespeople work is through personal and frequent contact with clients, using the benefit of experience to assess a situation and reach a decision. However, the company had started using a[n] ... algorithm that defined when account managers should contact certain customers about which kinds of campaigns and what to offer them.’

　　原文第二句中有定位词telecommunications company，但别的定位词没有出现，需要接着往后看。

　　6The algorithm - usually built by external designers - often becomes the keeper of knowledge, she explains. In cases like this, Pachidi believes, a short-sighted view begins to creep into working practices whereby workers learn through the ‘algorithm’s eyes’and become dependent on its instructions. Alternative explorations –where experimentation and human instinct lead to progress and new ideas - are effectively discouraged.

　　答案

　　上文第二句中出现了定位词workers, ‘algorithm’s eyes’。这句话中的become【变得】对应题干中的growing【愈加】，这句话中的instructions对应题干中的recommendations，所以答案只能是与dependent对应的名词。选项中满足要求的有E reliance。

　　Q33

　　Meanwhile, staff are deterred from experimenting and using their own 33 ................., and are therefore prevented from achieving innovation.

　　分析

　　题干中的meanwhile【同时】表示这句与前一句表示并列关系，所以在原位中应该离得不远。题干中可以划定位词的哟staff和innovation。空格前是their own，后边加名词，答案是跟题干中的experimenting并列的词。

　　定位

　　6 The algorithm - usually built by external designers - often becomes the keeper of knowledge, she explains. In cases like this, Pachidi believes, a short-sighted view begins to creep into working practices whereby workers learn through the ‘algorithm’s eyes’and become dependent on its instructions. Alternative explorations –where experimentation and human instinct lead to progress and new ideas - are effectively discouraged.

　　答案

　　上文最后一句中的alternative explanation【另一种解释】表示跟前一句的并列，对应题干中的meanwhile。原文中的new ideas对应题干中的innovation，原文中的discouraged【被气馁】对应题干中的prevented from 【阻止...】。这句中跟experimentation并列的是human instinct。选项中跟这个词相关的有C intuition【直觉】。

　　Q34

　　To avoid the kind of situations which Pachidi observed, researchers are trying to make Al’s decision-making process easier to comprehend, and to increase users’ 34 ................. with regard to the technology.

　　分析

　　题干可以划定位词的有decision-making process， user和technology。空格前面是increase users’，所以空格写名词。

　　定位

　　8It’s scenarios like these that many researchers are working to avoid. Their objective is to make AI technologies more trustworthy and transparent, so that organisations and individuals understand how AI decisions are made. In the meantime, says Pachidi, ‘We need to make sure we fully understand the dilemmas that this new world raises regarding expertise, occupational boundaries and control.’

　　答案

　　上文第二句中的objective【目标】对应题干中的to ...【为了】，这句中的how AI decisions are made对应题干中的Al’s decision-making process。这句中的organisations and individuals【企业一个人】对应题干中的users，跟technologies挨着的词有more trustworthy and transparent【值得信任并透明的】，选项中跟这个短语对应的有F confidence【信心】。