处理方法之三:yes and no(“是又不是”)法。学生也会对喜剧有不同的看法,那么我们从反面论证:我不喜欢喜剧。这里学生和问题的矛盾在于不知道怎么去拓展和解释观点,我们可以从通用的观点去扩散:看电影本身就是浪费时间,或者要做其他更有意义的事情,或者喜欢悬疑科幻片之类。我们可以结合句式再丰满自己语言。那么学生可以尝试使用第三种方法:“是或不是”大法。对考官的提问进行讨论分析。一方面他可以帮助你减压,但是你会觉得看喜剧对你的工作来说是一种时间上的浪费/爱看其他类型电影/或者喜欢做其他在你看来更有意义的事情等,那么可以用“yes and no”这样的句式开头。表达你喜欢它是什么原因,你不喜欢它又是什么原因。
e.g.: -Do you like comedies? (part1: movies话题)
-Well, yes and no. Yes, because they crack me up, I can stay away from pressure for a very short time. As for No /on the other hand / oppositely, since it’s a waste of time, I have much work to do.
(二)喜欢什么类型问题(What kind of XX do you like)
其实它是“Do you like…”这类话题的变体,在处理此类问题时除了要给出自己喜欢的东西之外,还要加上自己合理的解释。让我们一起看看学生在回答留学预备三级的一道题目时的表现:
-What kinds of office space is more common in your country? (三级Unit 3)
-I think open work space is more common in my country, because it is cheap and you can put a lot of people in this office.
首先,我们还是从词汇着手。仔细思考cheap这个单词,当听到这个单词时,字典的释义是:used to describe goods that are both low in quality and in price.表示一个东西很便宜但是质量不好。如何想表达经济上更划算还可以用此类词汇去表达:economical; cost-effective; come at a relatively low price; a great value; a steal (太便宜了,仿佛像偷来的);a great buy等等。那么我们如何结合句式去把我们新学的词汇融入句式去得出一个更地道、详细的答案呢?
同上述处理方法二:“because(说原因), which(给解释), such as(举例子)”法
根据外国人使用语言的习惯,语篇标记词不能忘记哦!然后适当运用听力当中的词组句式来使自己的观点更加有说服力。
-What kinds of office space is more common in your country?
-Actually, open space office is the new trend in China, because we can fit more people in and it is economical, which works well for small businesses. Many companies use this space such as New Channel and Alibaba.
处理方式之四:“过去现在对比法”。请看part1 Making Friends的一道题目:What kind of people do you like to make friends with? 在一般情况下学生会单刀直入告诉考官自己对选择的标准是什么,或者我们还可丰富自己的句式,以前会喜欢什么样的朋友,但是现在喜欢交什么性格的朋友。因为人的标准不会一成不变,可以从这个地方入手作为自己回答的一个亮点。
e.g.(Part1: Friends话题)
- What kind of people do you like to make friends with?
- Well, I used to make friends with people who were brave and carefree, while now my caring and considerate friends appeals to me a lot due to the fact that it’s comfortable to have them around.
(三)两种事物不同点问题
在What’s the difference between A and B 这样的话题中,学生对三大主流对比类问题:性别;年龄;时间,都有一定的了解,也在课堂练习过许多。这些也是考频比较高的一些问题。在这里作者更想对于一些典型的,但是我们很少思考或者很少深入的话题来进行探讨。e.g. What are the differences between newspaper and magazine? (part1: text message 话题)对于这个问题可以引申出很多思路,从年龄差异的角度切入,年轻人喜欢买杂志,老年人喜欢看报纸;从价格差异来看,报纸价格便宜,杂志价格相对比较贵;从内容上对比,杂志上有很多明星,报纸都是政治时事等。结合前两个口语题思路,我们从内容不同着手,来谈论谁会去买这类产品(讲结果,谁会去买),从价格不同切入,来讨论导致价格差异的因素。然后用表示对比的连接词来连接这两个板块的回答。
从“内容不同”层面来讲:报纸上的主要内容是时事和当地新闻,我们可以用local news and current affairs;杂志内容更加多样化和针对性,包含了明星,时尚,星座甚至政治等,我们可以说the content is varied but specific,including celebrities,fashion,horoscopes or even military. 结果则是老年人更偏爱报纸,年轻人则喜欢买杂志。其中要注意的是老年人应该尊称为elders/elderly people/senior citizens会比old men更加委婉礼貌哦!
综上,我们的答案可以升级为To put it bluntly, the biggest difference is the content. Newspaper mainly has local news and current events on it; therefore, senior citizens enjoy reading them. Besides, it is the best way for them to get informed. However, the content of magazines are varied but more specific, including topics like celebrities, sports or horoscope, so young people who have a special preference tend to buy them.
从“价格高低”层面来说,我们都知道报纸价格便宜,杂志价格更贵,但其中的原因是什么呢?这个时候的发散思维也许是报纸排版相对简单,纸张相对廉价,页数不多等;杂志贵的原因则是彩色打印,知名编辑来设计排版,请明星拍杂志封面等原因,那么我们现在来看看语料:
排版简单:editing job is relatively easier
纸张廉价:do not require high quality paper
页数较少:fewer pages than those of magazines
彩色打印: color printing
知名设计师:world-renowned editor
请明星拍摄杂志封面:hire celebrities to shoot photo covers
综上,我们还可以这样回答这个问题well, one difference is that newspaper is more cost-effective . Owing to the fact that the editing job is easier and it doesn’t need high-quality paper. While magazines are kind of pricy, since celebrities are paid to shoot photo covers and they requires color-printing techniques.
在教师的日常授课中,“词汇的选择和运用”和“流利性和连贯性”是和老师应该需要特别关注的两点,因为这是学生需要具备的语言基础能力。在授课之前作为教师的我们必须积累一定的语料,把自己的“水桶”装满,才能去装满学生的“水桶”。配合常用句式的补充和反复练习,相信在学生以后的学习中会更加有信心去学习,也会更快看到进步。